Hydrothermal Reactor

Hydrothermal synthesis means the techniques crystallizing substances such as metal salt, oxide, hydrate, or metal powders which depend on solubility, temperature, pressure and solute concentration in solution or suspension. Liquid Phase Synthesis is synthesizing method in high temperature and pressure by using a water or aqueous solution.

Mineralizer contributes the solubilization, accelerate nucleation of compound in liquid. Mineralizer not only just lowers the temperature but also generates compound selectively, so it is necessary for hydrothermal synthesis. Ilshin Autoclave's Hydrothermal Synthesis system can perform hydrothermal synthesis of various materials.

Most of powders are crystallized in 300, 85 /. Our equipments provide accurate temperature and pressure for process. Ilshin Autoclave Co.,Ltd obtained ASME pressure vessels certification of design & manufacturing, also have Korea Gas Safety Corporation and The Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency certification so can ensure safety.

Classification of Hydrothermal wynthesis

Hydrothermal Crystallization - Crystallize an amrophous substance or low crystalline in hot water

Hydrothermal Precipitation - Precipitate alcohols or salt by hydrolysis or neutralization in hydrothermal condition

Hydrothermal Reaction - React solvent or solid in hydrothermal condition to generate new precipitation

Hydrothermal Decomposition - Decompose compounds in hydrothermal condition

Hydrothermal Oxdation - Oxidize metals by an water solution in high pressure and temperature

The advantages of hydrothermal synthesis

- Fast reaction and dispersion(it's suitable for generating solid solution / compounds)

- Control pressure, temperature, solution, and addictives.

- Weaknesses of usual liquid phase synthesis ( ex: co-precipitation, hydrolysis method )

Weaknesses of usual liquid phase synthesis ( ex: co-precipitation, hydrolysis method)

- Non-uniformity when removing residual solvent

- Inhomogeneous crystallization

- Cause pollution / agglomeration when performs sintering or pulverization

Major materials using hydrothermal synthesis

Hydrothermal Synthersis (BaTiO3)

1) Properties : High dielectric constant and themostability -> ferroelectricity, piezoelectricity

2)Applications : Capacitor, thermistor sensor, communication filter, microwave filter, NVM(non-volatile memory), DRAM(Dynamic Random Access Memory), heat detector, optical waveguide

3)Manufacturing process drawing of hydrothermal wynthesis

4)An analysis on properties of materials

Synthesis Method	Firing temp(C)	SSA(m2/g)	SSA D(u)	X-ray D(u)
Hydrothermal	-	8.5	0.12	0.09
	400	8.2	0.12	-
	600	7.2	0.14	-
	800	6.0	0.16	-
Co-precipitation	900	5.5	0.18	0.12
	1000	4.6	0.22	0.13
	1050	3.3	0.30	0.29
Solid-state reaction	1100	1.0	1.00	0.49

Special Purpose Reactor - Hydrothermal Reactor

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